This maisonette flat within an early Victorian listed building in St John’s Wood was the subject of a partial modernisation, which included a new glazed rear extension providing a dining area, together with an extension to the lower ground floor to create additional space for the principal bedroom and a well-lit walk-in closet. The main challenges were to achieve a modern structure with minimal impact on the character of the listed building, and to excavate the lower patio to create the enlarged lower ground floor, with all the challenges that underground extension work involves. The results speak for themselves.